[ last update: 10.19.2010 ]

The (new) Cadillac Database©

The Cadillac V16

Introduction
and
Index of Topics

 

Return to The (New) Cadillac Database© Index Page
or select a V16 topic from the table, below

 

CADILLAC V-16


Performance such as the world
has never witnessed

* * *

The most highly-personalized of all
Motor cars

v6emb30.JPG (6116 bytes)


Sixteen-cylinder powering, complete individuality in style – that, in brief, is the story of the Cadillac V16.

The sixteen-cylinder engine, designed and developed by Cadillac is wholly new and expresses fully the contemporary conception of brilliant performance. Cadillac-built in every particular, based on the solid, fundamental principles to which Cadillac’s unmatched record must be credited, it carries these principles to new heights. It multiplies power and subdivides it into a continuous flow, constantly at full volume efficiency, flexible and instantly responsive – the ultimate triumph of Cadillac’s famous V-type principle.

For this engine Cadillac has designed a super-chassis, coordinating every unit so that the full potentialities of power and speed may be enjoyed as never before.

The bodies are of many types, custom built and elaborately finished, and all highly individualized.

Personal preference as in styling and colors can be fully expressed. The finish of panels, upholstery, fabrics, trim and other factors of style and beauty may be blended into distinctive expressions of individuality.

Even major features of styling may be adapted to the individual taste. Cadillac, having priority use of the facilities of the Fleetwood Body Corporation, is the only car builder who can produce custom cars as complete unites under a single manufacturing supervision.


The drawings in this portfolio are designer’s
scale drawings of custom-body types for the Cadillac V16 chassis.

 
CADILLAC MOTOR CAR COMPANY


[this is the introductory text of an early brochure on the V16]

 

 

Most of the research for this essay was done by others more informed and authoritative than this writer.  My sole purpose here has been merely to compile in one volume all the textual and pictorial material available on the sixteen-cylinder Cadillac automobiles. 

By laying before the readers in graphic or photographic form the myriad body styles that have graced the sixteen-cylinder Cadillac chassis from its inception, in late 1929, until its unfortunate yet logical demise in 1940, it is hoped to delight them with the inherent and lasting aesthetic beauty of some of the finest coachwork ever to grace an automobile.

The photos, illustrations and line drawings on the following pages encompass not only the beautiful body styles built by the Cadillac affiliated coach works of Fisher and Fleetwood, but also the rarer and equally beautiful coachwork fashioned for the Sixteen by independent coach builders both in the United States and Europe.

Simultaneously, and particularly with regard to Fisher and Fleetwood bodies, the booklet will be an invaluable reference tool for neophyte V-16 collectors/admirers; it will help them to visualize a particular body type when it is described merely by a job/style number.  Conversely, by observing a certain number of the styling features of any sixteens encountered at old car shows, they will be able to surprise the owner(s) by determining the precise job/style number without looking at the body tag under the hood.

The majority of line drawings you will encounter in these pages, used to illustrate the innumerable body styles of the Sixteen, have been copied or adapted from existing factory sales literature. Where such drawings were missing or non-existent, a montage was created, using composite parts of existing drawings, photographs and in some instances, pure guess work.

In so doing, an attempt has been made to provide a visual representation of ALL body styles ever built on the V-16 chassis, including some unique coachwork, even where no photographic evidence or other illustration has come to light during my own and earlier research.

Much of the photographic material in these pages is from the writer's own collection of Cadillac merchandising literature assembled painstakingly over the better part of 45 years.  Some of it comes from other public and private sources which are to be credited for allowing their publication again in this electronic reference manual. 

This section of the database deals principally with the styling of the V16 models;  but let's take a peek under the hood of a couple of  sixteen cylinder models, nonetheless, to admire the two different power plants used  to propel these awe-inspiring automobiles.

The earliest V16 engine was fittingly described as  “...a truly beautiful creation of bright chrome, polished aluminum, porcelain and gleaming metal”.            

From 1930 until 1937, the basic  configuration of the V16  engine   (which  underwent  a number of improvements and modifications during these eight years)  was an  inherently balanced, valve-in-head engine of 452  cubic inches displacement incorporating hydraulic valve silencers.

It was  rated   conservatively  from 165 to 185 BHP (with the body installed and the car ready to roll).   Depending on the type of body that was installed,  the car was capable of speeds ranging from 80 to 100 MPH.

To all  intents and purposes,  it consisted of two straight-eight  engines  mounted together in a “V” configuration  at a  narrow   angle of  45°, on a single crankshaft.   With a bore  of  3" and a stroke of 4",  this engine is commonly referred to as the Series 452 and is so named because of its volumetric displacement of 452 cubic inches.

A new  engine was designed for the Sixteens of 1938 to 1940.  In the new design, the  opposite  banks of  eight cylinders  were set apart   at an  angle of 135°; this  resulted in a much lower car profile in which the carburetors and carburetor air-cleaners could be mounted on top of the engine block.

With a square bore and stroke equal to 3¼", the displacement  of the second generation  Sixteens now totaled   431 cubic inches.  Again the rated BHP was a conservative 185 at 3600 rpm.  These cars were not called the 431s, as one might have expected, but the Series 90.

 

 

V6nacker.jpg (2216 bytes)
Owen Nacker, the engineer
behind the development of the V-16

 

 

 

V6prot2.jpg (8821 bytes)    V6prot1.jpg (6771 bytes)
Prototype bodies (mock-ups) for the new V16 engine/chassis combination

v64375L.JPG (8918 bytes)
This image of production Fleetwood Style #4375/4375S is from a period ad

 

 

In it's sales catalog for 1931, the London (England) agent for General Motors, Lendrum & Hartman, had this to say about Cadillac's sixteen-cylinder models: 

With the 16-cylinder model Cadillac has achieved at once the greatest sensation and the foremost engineering triumph of the season.  This is the most individualistic and powerful car ever made for ordinary private use and every care has been taken to ensure that each detail of its construction is worthy of its amazing engine.  It is indeed, the supreme achievement in motor car design - and at a price no competitor can equal.  This 16-cylinder engine is built on the fundamental principles of design that have created the proud Cadillac record; its power, its efficiency, its flexibility put it in a position far ahead of all possible rivals.  For such an engine a super-chassis was essential, and this Cadillac have built - incorporating the well-proved characteristics of Cadillac mechanism and giving perfect ride at even the very highest speeds.

 

eng_line.JPG (7397 bytes)    db_eng.JPG (13670 bytes)
(Left) Line drawing from the introductory factory brochure
(Right) Image cropped from a rare showroom album from the excetptional
auto literature collection of the late Z. Taylor Vinson of Alexandria, VA

v6mtrdr.JPG (11380 bytes)   
This artist's rendering of the powerful, new sixteen-cylinder Cadillac engine
appeared in the catalog of Lendrum & Hartman, London, GM's agents in the UK

Env6demo.jpg (6306 bytes)    V16demo.jpg (6536 bytes)
Left: This is the demo engine that toured the auto salon circuit through the thirties
Right: the first completed V-16 engine

VIN_location.JPG (10929 bytes)
VIN location (1930-1937)

 

 

 

4264BA.JPG (11311 bytes)
Artist's rendering of Fleetwood style #4264B razor-edged Brougham,
version 2, with optional cane work painted on the lower rear body

 

 

 

V6GRLS.JPG (5990 bytes)
Front ensembles of the V16 for 1930-31
[ Photo: © 2002, J. Scott Harris ]

 

 

 

4302ph2.jpg (7091 bytes)    4302ph3.jpg (7724 bytes)
This elegant couple, photographed on a chilly day in NYC (?), circa 1932 made the front cover of Vogue
magazine; there are differing opinions as to who the couple might be. One enthusiast believed the man to be
George Baker Jr. (aka "Father Devine") in company with his second wife; a second opinion suggests
that the man in this Van Der Zee photo was nothing more than an accomplished pimp, with his woman;

I guess those fur coats were essential (on a day like that) in what was basically an open car
[ Vanderzee signature (below) appears on the original photo, just ahead of the RH rear wheel ]

30v6sign.jpg (4964 bytes)

 

 

The Cadillac V16 Story, Year by Year

1930-31
Series 452/452-A

Chapter Title Brief description of Topic Covered
Introduction

An introduction to the first generation Sixteens, the Series 452 and 452A

Mechanical Marvels

Rare period photos by Anton Bruehl [1930]:  the mechanical details of the V-16
The first V-16 The first production Cadillac V-16 was this Madame X job #4108C
Fisher & Fleetwood Styles

[incomplete] excerpts from a Book of Fleetwood, from 1929, supplied kindly by the late Phil Dumka

Madame X styles

The rarest of the first generation Sixteens:  the bespoke Madame X  models with Fleetwood job/style numbers beginning "41..." 

Coach Sill Styles

This equally rare series of first-generation Sixteens have Fleetwood job/style numbers beginning "42..."
Raised Panel Hood The "cheapest" and most numerous Sixteens  of the first generation are those with Fleetwood job/style numbers beginning "43..." 
Exceptions These two "exceptions to the rule" have a Fleetwood job/style number beginning "44..."
Job #3991 A unique model: Fleetwood's 1930 "Fleetbourne" V-8 limousine, built on a V-16 chassis
Job #4200 Another unique model: Fleetwood's French Brougham
The European Tour Sixteens Six Fleetwood styles were sent to Europe for a promotional tour
Survivors Surviving Sixteens of  1930 and 1931, including cars with custom bodies by Fisher, Fleetwood, as well as U.S. (domestic) and foreign coach builders
Options Optional equipment and accessories for the Cadillac V-16
Production Figures Production figures of the Sixteens of 1930-31, in ascending order of rarity

Month-by-month

Non-exhaustive table showing V-16 production by month, including job numbers, from January 1930 through February 1932.

A V-16 in the Family

The story of a 1930 V-16 town car, as told by the grandson of the original owner

A Tragic V-16

The story of some V-16 trials that ended in death for a test driver in 1930

 

 

v6dr175.JPG (9130 bytes)
This artist's rendering of Fleetwood Madame X style #4175
appeared in the catalog of Lendrum & Hartman, London, GM's agents in the UK

 

 

 

V6HOODTL.JPG (8472 bytes)     V6GRLDTL.JPG (6285 bytes)
[ Photos: © 2002,  J. Scott Harris]

4260GRIL.JPG (10001 bytes)
[ Photo: © Dennis Adler, for Car Collector ]

 


1932
Series 452-B

Chapter Title Brief description of Topic Covered
Production The Series 452B:  summary table and description of all Sixteens built by Fisher and Fleetwood  on the 45º "V" engine chassis in 1932
Survivors Surviving cars of the first generation, 1932

 

 

32DCPHA2.JPG (5929 bytes)    V6MSCT.JPG (6925 bytes)
Front clip detail and Flying Lady hood mascot, 1930-1932
[ Photo (left): © 2002, J. Scott Harris ]

V632GRL2.JPG (9964 bytes)    v6distr2.jpg (6150 bytes)
At left is the modified distributor design for the V-16s from 1932-1937;
gone is the neat appearance of the engine bay for the sixteens of
1930-31, sacrificed on the altar of cost effectiveness

 

 

1933
Series 452-C

Chapter Title Brief description of Topic Covered
Production The Series 452-C:  summary table and description of all Sixteens built by Fisher and Fleetwood  on the 45º "V" engine chassis in 1933
Production Statistics The Series 452-C:  summary table by Engine number, with shipment dates and destinations [courtesy and thganks to Rick leForge]
Survivors Surviving cars of the first generation, 1933

 

1934 - 1937
Series 452-C (or "60"),
Series 35-90, 36-90 and 37-90

Chapter Title Brief description of Topic Covered
Production Summary table and description of all Sixteens built on the 45º "V" engine chassis from 1934 through 1937 [Series 452-D (or 60) and Series 35-90, 36-90 and 37-90)
Survivors Surviving cars of the first generation, 1934 through 1937
Special 1937 Roadster The full, unexpurgated story of a very special roadster built on 1937 Cadillac V-16 chassis #530328 by Willy Hartmann, of Lausanne, Switzerland

Note: Apologies and thanks to Frank Peters of  St. Louis, MO, for pointing out a stupid mistake;
I had said that the 1934-37 V16 cylinder banks were offset at 90º instead of 45º!

 

 

V634DTL.JPG (7679 bytes)    35DTLSID.JPG (6504 bytes)

34INSDTL.JPG (5938 bytes)    34INTDTL.JPG (4712 bytes)

34INTDT2.JPG (4704 bytes)    34REAR.JPG (6112 bytes)

34INTDT3.JPG (6639 bytes)    34GRIL.JPG (5988 bytes)
Sidemount detail on 1934-37 Cadillac V16

 

 

1938 - 1940

Chapter Title Brief description of Topic Covered
Production Summary table and description of all Sixteens built on the 135º "V" engine chassis from 1938 through 1940 [Series 38-90, 39-90 and 40-90]
Survivors Surviving V-16 cars of the second generation, 1938 through 1940
Job #9002 A very special V-16 fastback sedan built for a top ranking GM executive
Job #9006 Two very special Sixteens for the White House
Job #9053-11 The V-16 Town Car known as The Vatican V-16

 

 

38GRIL.JPG (9317 bytes)
This survivor is located in France

 

 

In the February 1965 issue of the Self Starter [magazine of the Cadillac-LaSalle Club, Inc., there are about 140 sixteens from, 1930 to 1940,  listed as belonging to club members.  In this regard, I should like to address a special word of thanks, here, to CLC member, Paul Ayres, who was kind enough to help my research on the V-16 by lending me more than 100 old Self Starter  issues from the fifties and sixties.  I have made reference copies of these for my own use and will gradually go through each one in the hope of finding and extracting useful information on survivors not included heretofore in the Database.  That info will be added in due course.

 

BOOKS AND MAGAZINE ARTICLES ON FILE OR WANTED

Branham Auto Reference Book (1936, what month ?)
Automotive Industries, November 12, 1938
"Kelley Wholesale Blue Book", Mar-Apr. 40
"Motor Trend", Jan. '65
"Supercar Classics", March 1988, 104 pages or just the article by Chris Harvey entitled:
     Anti Depressant - The Wall Street crash was exactly the wrong time for a new luxury car,
     but that's when Cadillac first offered its superb V16
[see magazine cover, below]

V6_MAG.JPG (4635 bytes)

 

OTHER V-16 INFORMATION SOURCES

This Web site was active in December 2001
As was
this one also
Here you will find something about the
value of V-16s [2001 Web site]

 

A NEW V-16 FOR THE NEW MILLENNIUM?

Cadillac enthusiast, Jerry McGovern, suggested in April of 2009, that I include in the Database the "stupendous" V-16  concept car that was unveiled in Detroit, in January 2003, by GM-Cadillac. 

Although I doubt this "prototype" will ever be put in to production, still I believe it has earned a place in this section of the Database AS WELL as in the section devoted to "Dream cars", "Prototypes" and "Concept Vehicles".  Here is what the Press Release had to say about it:

January 6, 2003

Cadillac unveils 1000 horsepower 'Sixteen' super luxury sedan

Detroit, Michigan - Cadillac unveiled its answer to the super luxury Maybach automobile in Detroit on Sunday evening.

"The Sixteen is a modern interpretation of everything that made Cadillac the standard of the world and can again," said Robert A. Lutz, GM vice chairman for product development and chairman of GM North America. "It's a reminder of a glorious past as well as a progressive statement.

Aimed at "today's generation of exceedingly well-heeled customers of discerning taste," the rear-wheel-drive Sixteen has a 32-valve V16 concept engine that displaces 13.6 litres and produces 1000 horsepower and 1000 lbs.-ft. of torque. The engine is mated to a four-speed electronically controlled automatic transmission. The engine features fuel-saving Displacement on Demand technology, debuting in 2004 on some 2005 GM models, which shuts down half of the cylinders during most driving conditions and automatically and seamlessly reactivates them for more demanding conditions, such as brisk acceleration or load hauling cylinders when the driver needs the engine's full power.

The extensive use of aluminum components and structure provide substantial weight advantages. The aluminum-steel chassis employs high-arm SLA suspension up front and independent semi-trailing arm suspension in the rear. Four-wheel steering enhances the Cadillac Sixteen's maneuverability. The front and rear brakes are six-piston calipers with 16-inch rotors.

The aluminum hood is long, giving the Cadillac Sixteen tremendous dash-to-axle dimension; the wheel arches were designed to accommodate the huge 24-inch polished aluminum wheels. The four-door hardtop incorporates an all-glass roof and is without B-pillars. Crisp-edged lines of the midnight silver aluminum body panels accentuate the Cadillac Sixteen's striking appearance.

The engine compartment features dual panels hinged about a center spine that runs the length of the expansive hood - the hood panels are power-operated.


The interior theme is evocative of the posh accommodations of 1930s-era Cadillacs, but with contemporary style. For instance, the dashboard features a center-mounted Bvlgari clock.

Seats are upholstered in hand-stitched, Tuscany leather, and the right rear seat features power adjustable slope to recline like a chaise lounge. Warm, hand-woven silk carpets the floor in a light cream colour that matches the leather upholstery. The dash, door panels, and front and rear consoles are trimmed with walnut burl veneer inlays.

Electronic amenities include a rear-seat DVD information system, Bose sound system, and the fifth-generation OnStar in-vehicle safety and security communication system.

"Cadillac's tradition is rich, but in the next several years it will be introducing vehicles as solid, dynamic and beautifully designed as anything it's ever done. And Sixteen is a harbinger of this new era," said Lutz.

v6_2003.jpg (8370 bytes)

newsixt2.jpg (8521 bytes)
The old and the new Cadillac Sixteens
Left: 1930 V-16 razor-edged Town Brougham
Right: 2003 prototype V-16

4264b4.jpg (6983 bytes)new16int.jpg (7586 bytes)
Sixteen interiors: (left)  1930, (right) 2003

6364_v16.jpg (8414 bytes)
Between the 1930 original and the 2003 prototype
was this other, Corvette-styled proposal from 1963-64

 

 

Return to The (New) Cadillac Database© Index Page
or select a V16 topic, above

 

© 1996, Yann Saunders and the Cadillac-LaSalle Club, Inc.
[
Background image: V-16 demo engine on show during European tour, June 1930 ]